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Table 7 Vitamin content (μg/100 g, if not mentioned otherwise) of honey bee

From: Honey bees and their brood: a potentially valuable resource of food, worthy of greater appreciation and scientific attention

 

Worker larvae (9th day)

Worker pupae (19th day)

Bee brooda

Mature larvae

Pupae

Drone pupae

Vitamin A

1.32

7.41

<  1000 IU/kg

89-119 IU/g

49.3-53.3 IU/g

ND

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

0.94

3.27

410

--

--

1550

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)

184

251

910

--

--

2930

Vitamin B3 (niacin)

--

--

3670

--

--

--

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)

--

--

1190

--

--

--

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

--

--

120

--

--

ND

Vitamin B7 (biotin)

--

--

0.023

--

--

ND

Vitamin B9 (folic acid)

--

--

<  0.006

--

--

ND

Vitamin B12

--

--

<  0.12

--

--

ND

Vitamin C

4020

4350

3800

--

--

14920

Vitamin D

390

410

<  251 IU/kg

6130-7430 IU/g

5070-5260 IU/g

ND

Vitamin E

0.87

1.10

<  5 IU/kg

--

--

6060

Choline

--

--

168.4

--

--

--

  1. Data obtained for worker larvae (9th day) and worker pupae (19th day): Hu and Li 2001; bee brood: Finke 2005; mature larvae and pupae: Hocking and Matsumura 1960; drone pupae: Kim et al., 2020b
  2. aData calculated as μg/100 g from original value provided in respective papers except the value provided as IU/kg
  3. ND not detected
  4. ‘—’ = not investigated