Table 3 Qualitative anatomical traits of shrubs and grass in Sempu Island, Indonesia
From: Comparison of ecophysiological and leaf anatomical traits of native and invasive plant species
Anatomical traits | Grass | Shrubs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thuarea involuta | Imperata cylindrica | Ischaemum muticum | Wollastonia biflora | Lantana camara | Chromolaena odorata | Phempis acidula | Caeseria flavovirens | |
Leaf midrib shape | Flat | Conical, prominent | Rounded | Rounded | Rounded | Rounded | Rounded | Rounded |
Trichome | Long, unicellular | Short, unicellular | Short, unicellular | Long, unicellular | Dense, long, multicellular | Long, multicellular | Short, unicellular | Long, unicellular |
Bulliform cells | Developed | Highly developed | Highly developed | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent |
Number of palisade layers | Absent | Absent | Absent | 3–4 | Two | 1–2 | 4–5 | 2–3 |
Number of spongy mesophyll layers | Absent | Absent | Absent | 8–9 | 4–5 | 6–7 | 5–7 | 4–5 |
Total arch number of vascular bundle | 36–40 | 42–45 | 27–44 | Unobserved | Unobserved | Unobserved | Unobserved | Unobserved |
Sclerenchyma of vascular bundle | Single layer | Many layers | 3–4 layers | Few layers | Absent | Absent | Absent | 2–3 layers |
Sclerenchyma of midrib | Absent | 12–15 layers | 3 layers | Few layers | Absent | Absent | Absent | 2–3 layers |
Sclerenchymatous cells in upper leaf | Absent | 3 layers | Single layer | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent |
Sclerenchymatous epidermal layers | Discontinuous | Continuous | Discontinuous | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent |
Bundle sheath of midrib | Highly developed | Highly developed | Developed | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent |
Bundle sheath of veins | Well developed | Well developed | Developed | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent |
Number of bundle sheath cells in midrib | 13–14 cells | 19–22 cells | 13–15 cells | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent |
Number of bundle sheath cells in veins | 4–9 cells | 4–13 cells | 4–9 cells | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent |