Fig. 5From: Review on the succession process of Pinus densiflora forests in South Korea: progressive and disturbance-driven successionNonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS) ordination showing the spatial relationship among the succeeding tree species composition in P. densiflora forests according to the geographical and moisture condition. The number next to the axis represents the variance of each axis relative to the total variance. C, canopy stratum; EC, extended canopy stratum; Abho, Abies holophylla; Acpi, Acer pictum var. mono; Acps, Acer pseudosieboldianum; Aral, Aria alnifolia; Beda, Betula dahurica; Cacr, Castanea crenata; Cala, Carpinus laxiflora; Cats, Carpinus tschonoskii; Ceko, Celtis koraiensis; Frrh, Fraxinus rhynchophylla; Laka, Larix kaempferi; Piko, Pinus koraiensis; Prsa, Prunus sargentii; Quac, Quercus acutissima; Qual, Quercus aliena; Qude, Quercus dentate; Qumo, Quercus mongolica; Quse, Quercus serrata; Quva, Quercus variabilis; Rops, Robinia pseudoacacia; Stja, Styrax japonicas; Stko, Stewartia koreana; Ulda, Ulmus davidiana var. japonicaBack to article page