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Table 2 Classification of avian species into guild group and habitat type based on their ecological trait

From: Environmental factors affecting the composition and diversity of the avian community in igune, a traditional agricultural landscape in northern Japan

Ecological traits

Guild group

Guild or category

Diet

Insectivore

Insectivore

Granivore

Granivore, seed eater

Fish eater

Fish eater

Carnivore

Carnivore, raptor, scavenger

Omnivore

Omnivore, any species spanning two or more guilds; for example, frugivore-insectivore

Foraging site

Foliage

Species foraging on branches or foliage

Ground

Species foraging on ground

Others

Any species spanning two or more guilds; for example, foraging on bark or while flying

Habitat type

Farmland

Species using farmland (not using forest)

Forest

Species using forest (not using farmland)

Both

Species using both farmland and forest

Water

Species using river, lake, and sea