Table 1 Selection of reproductive modes according to soil nutrients level
Species | Life historical strategy | Response of reproductive propagules according to soil nutrient level (when soil nutrients lever are increased) | Estimates by plant size covariance | Main habitat | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Sexual propagules | Asexual propagules | Â | Â | Â |
Tussilago farfara | Perennial plant | N.S | Decreased | Not used | Snow-patch in sand dune | |
Chamaenerion angustifolium | Perennial plant | Increased (But one variable: N.S) | Decreased | Not used | Open and semi-open habitats of the boreal forest | |
Silene latifolia Poiret | Perennial plant | (Nitrogen addition): increased | Â | Not used | Open disturbed habitats like fallow fields, field margins, and roadsides | (Gehring and Linhart 1993) |
(Phosphorus addition): N.S | ||||||
(Potassium addition): increased | ||||||
Sanguinaria canadensis | Perennial plant | N.S | (In the potting and the reciprocal transplant study): increased | Not used | Moist temperate forest understory | (Marino et al. 1997) |
(In the permanent plot experiments): N.S | ||||||
Allium vineale | Perennial plant | Â | Increased (Only three of the 16 genotypes, but the others: N.S) | Not used | Roadsides and highly fertilized agricultural fields | (Ronsheim and Bever 2000) |
Leymus chinensis | Perennial plant | (Nitrogen addition): decreased | (Nitrogen addition): increased (But one variable: N.S) | Not used | Steppe zone | (Bai et al. 2009) |
Penthorum sedoides | Perennial plant | Decreased (Only in 2007, but in 2004: N.S) | Increased | Used | Ditches and near steams | (Nicholls 2011) |
Trapella sinensis | Perennial plant | Decreased | N.S | Not used | 50-cm water depth in rich sediment. | (Liu et al. 2013) |
Calathea micans | Perennial plants with chasmogamy and cleistogamy | Increased | N.S | Not used (CH: positively correlated with plant size) | Lowland tropical rain forests | (Corff 1993) |
Impatiens capensis | Annual plants with chasmogamy and cleistogamy | N.S | N.S | Used (CH: positively correlated with plant size, CL: independent of plant size) | Floodplains | (Waller 1980) |
Triplasis purpurea | Annual plants with chasmogamy and cleistogamy | Upper nodes (CH spikelets and some CL spikelets): more increase (CH mass/CL mass: N.S) | Lower nodes (the other CL spikelets): Less increase | Not used | Coastal dune | |
Emex spinosa | Amphicarpic annual plant | (High nitrogen): increased | (High nitrogen): N.S | Not used (CH: positively correlated with plant size, CL: independent of plant size) | Semi-arid region, roadside, vineyards, cereal crops, and pastures | (Weiss 1980) |
Amphicarpum purshii | Amphicarpic annual plant | CH mass/CL mass: N.S | Â | Not used (CH: independent of plant size, CL: independent of plant size) | Disturbed habitats on the coastal plain | |
Polygonum thunbergii | Amphicarpic annual plant | (High nitrogen): N.S | (High nitrogen): N.S | Not used (CH: positively correlated with plant size) | Riversides | (Kawano et al. 1990) |
Emex spinosa | Amphicarpic annual plant | Increased (CH mass/CL mass: increased) | Decreased | Used (CH: positively correlated with plant size, CL: independent of plant size) | Semi-arid region, roadside, vineyards, cereal crops and pastures | (Sadeh et al. 2009) |
Persicaria thunbergii | Amphicarpic annual plant | 1. CH mass: increase | N.S | Not used | Riparian zones and lakesides | (Kim et al. 2016) |
2. CH number: decrease | ||||||